A discrete, pre-programmed reduction of block or epoch rewards by 50%, most famously seen in Bitcoin but also implemented in DePIN protocols.
Unlike Bitcoin's fixed 210,000-block schedule, DePIN halvings are often triggered by calendar date or cumulative supply milestones. A halving is a sharp form of reward decay and requires operators to reassess hardware ROI before the event, since payback periods can double overnight if token price does not compensate.